![]() ![]() ![]() Throughout the historical review, it is shown that states have always accepted that there is a fundamental difference between international wars and internal wars. 3 This chapter examines the historical roots of this distinction in the Western tradition, 4 and explores the development of IHL from a body of law that applied only between states or rulers, into a law that applies also between states and non-state groups. 2 However, the distinction between internal armed conflicts (between the ruler and his subjects) and external armed conflicts (between rulers or states) has existed for hundreds of years. NIAC, 1 on the other hand, were not regulated under international law. Before 1949, international law only regulated armed conflicts between states or sovereigns. The distinction between the two separated bodies of international law of IAC and NIAC was formalised when CA3 of the 1949 Geneva Conventions was drafted and created the distinct body of law of NIAC. ![]()
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